RESUMO
SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate whether the degree of urbanization influences the prevalence of chronic kidney disease in Brazilian indigenous people. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study conducted between 2016 and 2017 in northeastern Brazil and includes individuals aged between 30 and 70 years from two specific indigenous groups who volunteered to participate in the study: the Fulni-ô people (lowest degree of urbanization) and the Truká group (greater degree of urbanization). Cultural and geographical parameters were used to characterize and measure the magnitude of urbanization. We excluded individuals with known cardiovascular disease or renal failure who required hemodialysis. Chronic kidney disease was defined as a single measurement of an estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 mL/min/1.73 m2 using the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration creatinine equation. RESULTS: A total of 184 indigenous people from the Fulni-ô group and 96 from the Truká group with a median age of 46 years (interquartile range: 15.2) were included. We found a chronic kidney disease rate of 4.3% in the total indigenous population, generally affecting an older population: 41.7% over 60 years old (p<0.001). The Truká people had a chronic kidney disease prevalence of 6.2%, with no differences in kidney dysfunction across age groups. The Fulni-ô participants had a chronic kidney disease prevalence of 3.3%, with a higher proportion of kidney dysfunction in older participants (of the six Fulni-ô indigenous people with chronic kidney disease, five were older). CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that a higher degree of urbanization seems to negatively influence the prevalence of chronic kidney disease in Brazilian indigenous people.
RESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Front of the persistence of tuberculosis in several municipalities in the country, the Ministry of Health (MS) established the National Tuberculosis Control Plan (NTCP), whose goals were to integrate 100% of the Brazilian municipalities in the fight against the disease. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the performance of tuberculosis (TB) control actions and services of the Family Health Strategies in the city of Salgueiro-PE. METHOD: Cross-sectional, quantitative and descriptive survey study that evaluated health services in the city of Salgueiro-Pe, involving 40 participants. The data were selected through the steps of specific questions for the evaluation of TB, in addition to the questions on the epidemiological situation and the current state of health. In order to know the conditions for the control of TB in the municipality, a script was also elaborated with orientations directed to the manager. RESULTS: The results of our study showed a population aged from 34 to 59 years with a predominance of males (70%) and incomplete elementary school (37.5%). Regarding the place of diagnosis, the hospital had a higher prevalence of cases diagnosed with tuberculosis with 62.5%. 85,0% performed the Directly Observed Treatment. The averages of the evaluated actions showed that the municipality of Salgueiro-PE does not develop actions of health education and active search of symptomatic respiratory patients, The results were favorable only for the accomplishment of sputum bacilloscopy, monthly consultations of control and medical monitoring. CONCLUSION: The results showed weaknesses in the performance of actions and services by the Family Health Strategy in the municipality of Salgueiro, with damage to TB control and treatment.
INTRODUÇÃO: A atenção básica é resultado do desenvolvimento e consolidação do SUS através do programa de Estratégia Saúde da Família. Diante do quadro de persistência da tuberculose em vários municípios do País, o Ministério da Saúde (MS) estabeleceu o Plano Nacional de Controle da Tuberculose (PNCT) cujas metas eram integrar 100% dos municípios brasileiros na luta contra a doença. OBJETIVO: Avaliar o desempenho das ações e serviços de controle da tuberculose (TB) da Estratégia Saúde da Família no município de Salgueiro-PE. MÉTODO: Trata-se de estudo transversal, quantitativo e descritivo de inquérito que avaliou serviços de saúde na cidade de Salgueiro-PE, envolvendo 40 participantes. Os dados foram coletados através de questionário com perguntas específicas para cada componente organizacional essencial da atenção básica para as ações de controle da TB, além de perguntas sobre o perfil do paciente, informações clínicas epidemiológicas e estado atual de saúde. A fim de conhecer as políticas realizadas no controle da TB no município em estudo, foi também elaborado um roteiro com perguntas direcionadas ao gestor. RESULTADOS: Houve predominância do sexo masculino com 28 (70%), com ensino fundamental incompleto 15 (37,5%) e com faixa etária de 34 a 59 anos de idade. Quanto ao local do diagnóstico, o hospital teve maior prevalência de casos diagnosticados com tuberculose com 62,5%, os que realizavam tratamento supervisionado foram 85,0%. As médias das ações avaliadas demonstraram que o município de Salgueiro-PE não desenvolve ações de educação em saúde e busca ativa de sintomáticos respiratórios, obtendo médias favoráveis apenas para realização da baciloscopia de diagnóstico, consultas mensais de controle e acompanhamento medicamentoso. CONCLUSÃO: Houve fragilidades no desempenho das ações e serviços pela estratégia saúde da família no munícipio de Salgueiro, com prejuízos ao controle e ao tratamento, sendo necessário o fortalecimento das ações e serviços no combate à doença.